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REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

(1) A company may, by ordinary resolution, remove a director, not being a director appointed by the Tribunal under section 242, before the expiry of the period of his office after giving him a reasonable opportunity of being heard:
1[Provided that an independent director re-appointed for second term under sub-section (10) of section 149 shall be removed by the company only by passing a special resolution and after giving him a reasonable opportunity of being heard:]
2[Provided further that] nothing contained in this sub-section shall apply where the company has availed itself of the option given to it under section 163 to appoint not less than two-thirds of the total number of directors according to the principle of proportional representation.
(2) A special notice shall be required of any resolution, to remove a director under this section, or to appoint somebody in place of a director so removed, at the meeting at which he is removed.
(3) On receipt of notice of a resolution to remove a director under this section, the company shall forthwith send a copy thereof to the director concerned, and the director, whether or not he is a member of the company, shall be entitled to be heard on the resolution at the meeting.
(4) Where notice has been given of a resolution to remove a director under this section and the director concerned makes with respect thereto representation in writing to the company and requests its notification to members of the company, the company shall, if the time permits it to do so,--
(a) in any notice of the resolution given to members of the company, state the fact of the representation having been made; and
(b) send a copy of the representation to every member of the company to whom notice of the meeting is sent (whether before or after receipt of the representation by the company), and if a copy of the representation is not sent as aforesaid due to insufficient time or for the company's default, the director may without prejudice to his right to be heard orally require that the representation shall be read out at the meeting:
Provided that copy of the representation need not be sent out and the representation need not be read out at the meeting if, on the application either of the company or of any other person who claims to be aggrieved, the Tribunal is satisfied that the rights conferred by this sub-section are being abused to secure needless publicity for defamatory matter; and the Tribunal may order the company's costs on the application to be paid in whole or in part by the director notwithstanding that he is not a party to it.
(5) A vacancy created by the removal of a director under this section may, if he had been appointed by the company in general meeting or by the Board, be filled by the appointment of another director in his place at the meeting at which he is removed, provided special notice of the intended appointment has been given under sub-section (2).
(6) A director so appointed shall hold office till the date up to which his predecessor would have held office if he had not been removed.
(7) If the vacancy is not filled under sub-section (5), it may be filled as a casual vacancy in accordance with the provisions of this Act:
Provided that the director who was removed from office shall not be re-appointed as a director by the Board of Directors.
(8) Nothing in this section shall be taken--
(a) as depriving a person removed under this section of any compensation or damages payable to him in respect of the termination of his appointment as director as per the terms of contract or terms of his appointment as director, or of any other appointment terminating with that as director; or
(b) as derogating from any power to remove a director under other provisions of this Act.

Remove Director FAQ's

Directors may be removed by shareholders for reasons such as inadequate performance, breach of duties, or other concerns that impact the company negatively. Alternatively, directors may choose to resign due to personal reasons or conflicts within the company.

The Companies Act 2013, especially Section 169, outlines the legal framework for director removal.

Yes, absence from board meetings for 12 months can trigger removal under Section 167.

Shareholders can vote to remove a director, except in cases where the director was appointed by the government or tribunal.

The director submits a resignation notice, the board acknowledges it, and Form DIR-12 is filed with the ROC.

An Ordinary Resolution is a shareholder vote required for removing a director, unless the company's articles state otherwise.

Form DIR-12 is essential as it is the official document that needs to be filed with the ROC to record the change in directorship, whether due to resignation or removal, ensuring that the company's public records are up-to-date.

Yes, penalties escalate with the delay, ranging from double to twelve times the government fees.

It can impact management, authority, legal standing, and the company's reputation.

A Board Meeting is called to discuss and initiate the removal process, including passing relevant resolutions.

An EGM is convened specifically for shareholders to vote on the director's removal.

The director should be allowed to present their case at the EGM before the removal resolution is passed.

It may result in legal disputes and potential claims against the company.

Generally, a removed director cannot be immediately reappointed to the board.

The company must update the MCA database and possibly other regulatory records under various acts.

Expert guidance ensures compliance with legal standards and helps navigate the complexities of the process.

Continuous absence for 12 months without leave triggers an automatic vacation of the director's position.

The resignation letter, a board resolution acknowledging the resignation, and filing of Form DIR-12 with the ROC.